DOI: https://doi.org/10.37835/2410-2075-2020-13-1
UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY AS THE CONDITION FOR HIGH EDUCATION INTERNATIONALIZATION : UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL PRACTICES AND CURRENT CHALLENGES
Demуanenko N. M
Autonomy as a principle of organizing activities and ensuring the management of the university remains the subject of heated debate. Approaches to its implementation in the system of national education, coordination from the standpoint of internationalization of educational processes, determining the place of the higher education system of Ukraine in the European and world educational space differ. Identifying the general and special in the development of Ukrainian 6 university education and the University of Western Europe will help to outline prospects and identify real ways to address this issue.
Problems of democratization and humanization of higher education became relevant in the late 20-th century. The transition to the market economy of competition and freedom of choice also affected higher education. In modern conditions, the development of its new model is economically determined and socially demanded. However, history and the present prove that a a high role of university in the education system, in the social and political life depends primarily on the level of its autonomy and academic climate. Autonomy is necessary for university to realize the interests of its social environment and its own internal goals.
Since the 13-th century European University that arose in Italy and southern France began its expansion as the way of providing higher education. By the middle of the 15-th century «university development» covered the whole Central Europe. Problems of democratization and humanization of higher education became relevant in the late 20-th century. The transition to the market economy of competition and freedom of choice also affected higher education. In modern conditions, the development of its new model is economically determined and socially demanded. However, history and the present prove that a a high role of university in the education system, in the social and political life depends primarily on the level of its autonomy and academic climate. Autonomy is necessary for university to realize the interests of its social environment and its own internal goals. Ukraine faces a situation of overcoming the consequences of centralized management in higher education and developing of those features in academic life that are able to ensure the liberalization of higher education. The Law of Ukraine «On Higher Education» (2014) enshrines academic, organizational, financial autonomy of university and includes decentralization (a number of powers goes to the departments and faculties). University has to improve its status to provide services to many social institutions. Accordingly, it is necessary to coordinate priorities of the state policy in education, society interests, goals and objectives of university.
Only then university can become an equal partner in relations with the state, civil society, labor market and individual. In this regard, it is important to determine the paradigmatic areas that set the differentiation and generate a variety in modeling of university: 1) education - research; 2) training - education; 3) patronage (public administration) - autonomy (self-government). The principle of autonomy is carefully protected by modern university, as it has been protected throughout the period of its development. This is required by the need to maintain academic status which allows to cultivate science, to educate intellectual elite, to develop spiritual potential of society. Autonomy remains the basis of university life, but today it should be redefined with a view to the internationalization of educational processes, the integration of university into economy, labor market and program of national development in the globalized world.
Key words: organizational autonomy, academic autonomy, university autonomy, internationalization of higher education, historical practices, challenges of today
Full text: PDF (Українська)
REFERENCES
1. Andreyev A. L. (2006). Otechestvennoye obrazovaniye vo vtoroy chetverti XIX v. [Domestic education in the second quarter of the 19-th century]. Pedagogika. № 4. S. 76-86.
2. Antologiya pedagogicheskoy mysli Ukrainskoy SSR. (1988). [Anthology of pedagogical thought of the Ukrainian SSR] [sost. N. P. Kalenichenko]. M.: Pedagogika, 640 s.
3. Bagaley D. I., Sumtsov N. F., Buzeskul V. P. (1906). Kratkiy ocherk istorii Kharkovskogo universiteta za pervyye sto let ego sushchestvovaniya. [A brief essay of history of Kharkov University in the first one hundred years of its existence (1805–-1905)] Kharkov. 344 s.
4. Bagaley D. I. (1904). Opyt istorii Kharkovskogo universiteta: v 2 t. [The experience of history of Kharkov university: in two vol.] Kharkov. T. 2. 1136 s.
5. Vernadskiy V.I. (1901). Ob osnovaniyakh universitetskoy reformy. [The grounds for university reform.] M. 17 s.
6. Vladimirskiy-Budanov M. F. (1884). Istoriya imperatorskogo universiteta sv. Vladimira. [History of St. Vladimir imperial university.] – T. 1. Universitet sv. Vladimira v tsarstvovanie Imperatora Nikolaya Pavlovicha. K.: Tip. Imp. Universiteta sv. Vladimira. 674 s.
7. Gerye V. I. (1873). Universitetskiy vopros: Po povodu mneniya prof. Lyubimova o peresmotre universitetskogo ustava. [University question: About prof. Lyubimov’s opinion on revision of university statute.] Vestnik Evropy. № 4. S. 821–823.
8. Golenishchev-Kutuzov I. N. (1963). Gumanizm u vostochnykh slavyan (Ukraina i Belorussiya). [Humanism in eastern Slavs (Ukraine and Belorussia)] M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR. 94 s.
9. Gradovskiy A. D. Nachalo russkogo gosudarstvennogo prava. [The beginning of Russian state law.] Sobr. soch.: V 9 t. SPb., 1903-1904. T. 9. S. 10-53. 23
10. Demianenko N. M. Avtonomiia universytetu: vid statutiv XIX st. do suchasnoho traktuvannia. [University autonomy: from statutes of the 19-th century to the present interpretation.] Novi tekhnolohii navchannia: nauk. zbirnyk / Instytut innovatsiinykh tekhnolohii i zmistu osvity MON Ukrainy. K., 2009. № 59, ch. 1. Spets. vypusk. S. 8-13.
11. Demianenko N. N. (2017). The principle of university autonomy in substantination of the idea and the world experience. (Teoriya i praktika realizatsii printsipa avtonomii i akademicheskikh svobod universiteta). Magyar Tudomanyos Jornal (Budapesht, Hungary). № 7. S. 43–48.
12. Demianenko N. M. (2009). Istoryko-systemnyi analiz protsesu stanovlennia vyshchoi shkoly. [Historical and systemic analysis of the development of high school.] Pedahohika vyshchoi shkoly; za red. V.H. Kremenia, V.P. Andrushchenka, V.I. Luhovoho. K.: Pedahohichna dumka. S. 40-58.
13. Natalia Demyanenko. (2017). Theory and practice of the principle of university self-administration and academic liberties realization. Zeszyty naukowe Ostroleckiego Towarzystwa naukowego. XXXI. S. 421-433.
14. Dzhanshiev H. (1907). Epokha velikikh reform. [The epoch of great reforms.] SPb., 345 c.
15. Emelyanova I. N. (2007). Vospitatelnaya funktsiya universiteta v aspekte klassicheskoy idei universiteta. [The educational function of university in the aspect of the classical idea of university.] Pedagogika. № 3. S. 84-89.
16. Zamlynskyi V., Pashchenko V. (1993). Petro Mohyla. Istoriia Ukrainy v osobakh: IX-XVIII st.[ Petro Mohyla. History of Ukraine in personalities: IX-XVIII centuries]/ [V. Zamlynskyi, I. Voitsekhivska, V. Halahan ta in.]. K.: Ukraina. S. 255- 265.
17. Izgoyev A. S. (2011). Ob intelligentnoy molodezhi (zametki o eye byte i nastroyeniyakh). Universitetskaya ideya v Rossiyskoy imperii XVIII – nachala XX vekov: Antologiya [About intelligent youth (notes about their everyday life). University idea in the Russian Empire of the 18-th - early 20-th centuries: Anthology] / sost. A. Yu. Andreyev. S. I. Posokhov. M.: Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya (ROSSPEN). S. 468-480.
18. Kavelin K. D. (1863). Svoboda prepodavaniya i ucheniya v Germanii. [Freedom of teaching and learning in Germany.] Zhurnal Ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya. Mart – aprel. C. 121-134.
19. Kashuba M. V. (1990). Filosofiia vidrodzhennia na Ukraini: zb. st. / [Philosophy of revival in Ukraine: collection of articles]. M. V. Kashuba, I. V. Paslavskyi, I. S. Zakhara]. K.: Naukova dumka. 384 s.
20. Kiyevskiy universitet. (1984). Dokumenty i materialy. 1834-1984. [Kiev University. Documents and materials. 1834-1984.] [sost. V. A. Zamlinskiy. A. A. Buravchenkov. A. V. Dolinskiy i dr.]. K.: Vishcha shkola. 191 s.
21. Knyazev E. A. (2001). Genezis vysshego obrazovaniya Rossii XVІІІ – nachala XX vv. [The genesis of higher education in Russia of the 18-th - early 20-th centuries.] M.: Sentyabr. 239 s. 24
22. Knyazev E. A. (2012). Russkoye obrazovaniye: personaliya (IX-XX vv.) [Russian education: personalia (9-th-20-th centuries)] / E. A. Knyazev. Saarbrucken. Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing. 326 c.
23. Kostomarov N. I. (1994). Zamechaniye o nashikh universitetakh. [Comment on our universities.] Kostomarov N. I. Istoricheskiye monografii i issledovaniya: V. 17 TT. M.: Charli. T. 17. 512 s. S. 349-361.
24. Modestov V. I. (1999). Otryvok iz vospominaniy. [A message from memories.] Novorossiyskiy universitet v vospominaniyakh sovremennikov / Avtorsostavitel F. A. Samoylov. Odessa: Astroprint. 296 s.
25. Narysy istorii Kyivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka (2004). [Essays on history of Kyiv T. Shevchenko National University] / [V. V. Rizun, M. S. Tymoshyk, A. Ie. Konverskyi ta in.]. K.: Nasha kultura i nauka. 440 s.
26. Nichyk V. M., Lytvynov V. D., Stratii Ya. M. (1990). Humanistychni i reformatsiini idei na Ukraini (XVI – pochatok XVII st.): [monohrafiia]. [Humanistic and Reformation ideas in Ukraine (16th - early 17-th centuries)] K.: Naukova dumka. 384 s.
27. Pirogov N. I. Universitetskiy vopros. [University question] Pirogov N. I. Izbrannyye pedagogicheskiye sochineniya / Sost. A. N. Aleksyuk, G. G. Savenok; Akad. ped. nauk SSSR. M.: Pedagogika. 1985. 493 s.
28. Polotskiy Simeon. Medvedev Silvestr. (2011). Iz «Privilegii na Akademiyu». Universitetskaya ideya v Rossiyskoy imperii XVIII – nachala XX vekov: Antologiya / [From «Privileges to the Academy». University idea in the Russian Empire of the 18-th - early 20-th centuries: Anthology] \ sost. A. Yu. Andreyev. S. I. Posokhov. M.: Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya (ROSSPEN). S. 17-21.
29. Purishkevich V. M. (1914). Materialy po voprosu o razlozhenii sovremennogo russkogo universiteta. [Materials on decay of modern Russian university.] SPb.: Izd. Russkogo Narodnogo Soyuza im. Mikhaila Arkhangela. 457 s.
30. Rozhdestvenskiy S. V. (1912). Ocherki po istorii sistemy narodnogo prosveshcheniya v Rossii v XVІІІ – XIX vv. [Essays on the history of the national education system in Russia in the 18-th – 19-th centuries.] T. 1. SPb. 1121 s.
31. Rozvytok narodnoi osvity i pedahohichnoi dumky na Ukraini (X – pochatok XX st.): Narysy / [The development of national education and pedagogical thought in Ukraine (10-th- early 20-th century): Essays] \ [redkolehiia: M.D. Yarmachenko (vidp. redaktor), N. P. Kalenychenko (zast. vidp. redaktora). S. U. Honcharenko ta in.]. K.: Radianska shkola. 1991. 381 s.
32. Siropolko S. (2001). Istoriia osvity v Ukraini [History of education in Ukraine] [pidhotuvav Yu. Vilchynskyi]. 2-he vyd. Lviv: Afisha. 664 s.
33. Speranskiy N. V. (1914). Krizis russkoy shkoly. Torzhestvo politicheskoy reaktsii. Krusheniye universitetov. [The crisis of Russian school. The triumph of political reaction. The collapse of universities.] M. 271 s.
34. Sravnitelnaya tablitsa ustavov universitetov 1884. 1863. 1835 i 1804 gg. [Comparative table of the university statutes of 1884, 1863, 1835 and 1804] S-Pb.: Tipo-Litografiya S.-Peterburgskoy tyurmy. 1901. 269 stb. 25
35. Universitetskaya ideya v Rossiyskoy imperii XVIII – nachala XX vekov: Antologiya / [The University idea in the Russian Empire of the 18th - early 20th centuries: Anthology] \ sost. A. Yu. Andreyev, S. I. Posokhov. M.: Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya (ROSSPEN). 2011. 527 s.
36. Shtraykh S. Ya. (1917). Neizdannyye pisma N. I. Pirogova. [Unpublished letters of N.Pirogov.] Russkaya starina. № 3. S.342-344.
37. Shchetinina G. I. (1976). Universitety v Rossii i ustav 1884 g. [Universities in Russia and the 1884 Statute.] M.: Nauka. 231 s.
38. Eymontova R. G. (1985). Russkiye universitety na grani dvukh epokh. Ot Rossii krepostnoy k Rossii kapitalisticheskoy. [Russian universities on the verge of two epochs. From serf Russia to capitalist Russia.] M.: Nauka. 350 s.
39. Vucinich A. (1976). Social thought in Tsarist Russia: The quest for a general science of society, 1861–1917. Chicago; London: Univ. of Chicago press. 312 p.
